Araştırma Makalesi
BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster
Yıl 2018, Cilt: 2 Sayı: 2, 93 - 114, 25.12.2018

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Ahtee, M., Lavonen, J., & Pehkonen, E. (2008). Reasons behind the Finnish success in Science and Mathematics in PISA tests. Problems of Education in the 21st Century, 6(6), 18-26.
  • Çobanoğlu, R. & Kasapoğlu, K. (2010). PISA’da Fin başarisinin nedenleri ve nasillari. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 39, 121-131.
  • Darling-Hammond, L. (2009). Steady work: How Finland is building a strong teaching and learning system. Voices in Urban Education, 24, 15-25.
  • EDUFI (2017). Finnish education in a nutshell. Retrieved from https://www.oph.fi/download/146428_Finnish_Education_in_a_Nutshell.pdf
  • EDUFI (2018). Finnish National Agency for Education. Retrieved from https://www.oph.fi/english
  • Eraslan, A. (2009). Finlandiya’nın PISA’ daki başarısının nedenleri: Türkiye için alınacak dersler. Necatibey Eğitim Fakültesi Elektronik Fen ve Matematik Eğitimi Dergisi, 3(2), 238-248.
  • Eurydice (2009). National summary sheets on education system in Europe and ongoing reforms: Finland. Retrieved from https://www.pharmine.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/05/EURYDICE-national-summary-sheet-on-education-systems-in-Europe-Finland-2009.pdf
  • Eurydice (2018). National education systems: Finland. Retrieved from https://eacea.ec.europa.eu/national-policies/eurydice/content/population-demographic-situation-languages-and-religions-25_en
  • Finnish National Agency for Education (1998). Basic Education Act. Retrieved from http://www.finlex.fi/en/laki/kaannokset/1998/en19980628.pdf
  • Kansanen, P. (2003) Teacher education in Finland: Current models and new developments. In B. Moon, L. Vlãsceanu, & C. Barrows (Eds) Institutional approaches to teacher education within higher education in Europe: Current models and new developments (pp.85-108). Bucharest: UNESCO.
  • Kim, M., Lavonen, J., & Ogawa, M. (2009). Experts' opinion on the high achievement of scientific literacy in PISA 2003: A comparative study in Finland and Korea. Eurasia Journal of Mathematics, Science & Technology Education, 5(4), 379-393.
  • Kivirauma, J. & Ruoho, K. (2007). Excellence through special education? Lessons from the Finnish school reform. International Review of Education, 53(3), 283-302.
  • Kupiainen, S., Hautamaki, J., & Karjalainen, T. (2009). The Finnish Education System and PISA. Retrieved from http://julkaisut.valtioneuvosto.fi/bitstream/handle/10024/75640/opm46.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y
  • Laukkanen, R. (2008). Finnish strategy for high-level education for all. In Soguel, N. C. & Jaccard, P. (Eds). Governance and performance of education systems (pp. 305-324). Springer, Dordrecht.
  • Lavonen, J. (2008). Reasons behind Finnish students’ success in the PISA scientific literacy assessment. Retrieved from http://www.friends-partners.org/GLOSAS/Global_University/Global%20University%20System/List%20Distributions/2008/MTI1980_09-18-08/Finland%20Education/ReasonsBehindPisaSuccess.pdf
  • Lavonen, J., & Laaksonen, S. (2009). Context of teaching and learning school science in Finland: Reflections on PISA 2006 results. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 46(8), 922-944.
  • Linnakylä, P. (2004). Finnish education-reaching high quality and promoting equity. Education Review, 17(2), 35-41.
  • Malaty, G. (2006). What are the reasons behind the success of Finland in PISA? Gazette des Mathématiciens, 108, 59-66.
  • Ministry of Education and Culture (2014). Teacher education in Finland. Retrieved from https://www.oph.fi/download/154491_Teacher_Education_in_Finland.pdf
  • OECD (2016a). PISA 2015 Results (Volume I): Excellence and Equity in Education. Paris: OECD Publishing.
  • OECD (2016b). PISA 2015 Results (Volume II): Policies and Practices for Successful Schools. Paris: OECD Publishing.
  • OECD (2018a). Equity in Education: Breaking down barriers to social mobility. Paris: OECD Publishing.
  • OECD (2018b). Effective Teacher Policies: Insights from PISA. Paris: OECD Publishing.
  • Official Statistics of Finland (OSF) (2016). Entrance to education (e-publication). Retrieved from http://www.stat.fi/til/khak/2016/khak_2016_2017-12-13_tau_001_en.html
  • Official Statistics of Finland (OSF) (2017a). Providers of education and educational institutions (e-publication). Retrieved from http://www.stat.fi/til/kjarj/2017/kjarj_2017_2018-02-13_tie_001_en.html
  • Official Statistics of Finland (OSF) (2017b). Special education (e-publication). Retrieved from http://www.stat.fi/til/erop/2017/erop_2017_2018-06-11_tie_001_en.html
  • Official Statistics of Finland (OSF) (2018). Pre-primary and comprehensive school education (e-publication). Retrieved from http://www.stat.fi/til/pop/2018/pop_2018_2018-11-14_tie_001_en.html
  • Sahlberg, P. (2007). Education policies for raising student learning: the Finnish approach. Journal of Education Policy, 22(2), 147-171.
  • Sahlberg, P. (2009). Educational change in Finland. In A. Hargreaves, M. Fullan, A. Lieberman, & D. Hopkins (Eds), International handbook of educational change, (pp. 1–28). Dordrecht, Netherlands: Kluwer Academic Publishers.
  • Sahlberg, P. (2011a). Finnish lessons: What can the world learn from educational change in Finland? New York, NY: Teachers College Press.
  • Sahlberg, P. (2011b). Lessons from Finland. American Educator, 35(2), 34-38.
  • Sahlberg, P. (2012). A model lesson: Finland shows us what equal opportunity looks like. American Educator, 36(1), 20-27.
  • Sahlberg, P. (2013). Teachers as leaders in Finland. Leveraging Teacher Leadership, 71(2), 36-40.
  • Sarjala, J. (2013). Equality and cooperation: Finland’s path to excellence. American Educator, 37(1), 32-36.
  • Simola, H. (2005). The Finnish miracle of PISA: historical and sociological remarks on teaching and teacher education. Comparative Education, 41(4), 455-470.
  • Valijarvi, J., Linnakyla, P., Kupari, P., Reinikainen, P., & Arffman, I. (2002). The Finnish success in PISA and some reasons behind it: PISA 2000. Finland: Institute for Educational Research, University of Jyvaskyla.
  • Youth Wiki (2018). Finland: Overview. Retrieved from https://eacea.ec.europa.eu/national-policies/en/content/youthwiki/overview-finland

Analysis of Finnish Education System to question the reasons behind Finnish success in PISA

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 2 Sayı: 2, 93 - 114, 25.12.2018

Öz

Finnish students have been showing outstanding achievement in each domain since the very first The Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) in 2000. Finland has consistently been not only one of the top achievers but one of the countries with exceptional educational equity as well. In other words, very high literacy scores are just one side of the coin for Finland, what is more extraordinary is very little between-school variation, very high academic and social inclusion, and a high percentage of resilient students, which all point out the “Finnish Miracle” in educational equity. In this paper, we analyze the Finnish Education System to question the reasons behind this extraordinary success. We use three different sources to do that; a literature review, about 100 hours in-class observations, and the interviews with 11 teachers in an international school and a training school in Finland.  The literature review covers a variety of related documents, such as articles, books and some official documents like national core curricula and Finnish Basic Education Act. We also scrutinized some other documents provided by The Ministry of Education and Culture, the highest authority regarding the education, and Finnish National Agency for Education (EDUFI). Based on the results of this study, we conclude that there is no single and isolated factor but there exists a system of interrelated factors to explain Finnish success. The quality of teachers and teacher education seems to be the most prominent factor in this system. Furthermore, the emphasis on the educational equity, long-term educational policy, culture of trust, reading habit of Finnish people can be the other reasons for this success. Finally, a high level of cooperation helps the educational system to work smoothly.

Kaynakça

  • Ahtee, M., Lavonen, J., & Pehkonen, E. (2008). Reasons behind the Finnish success in Science and Mathematics in PISA tests. Problems of Education in the 21st Century, 6(6), 18-26.
  • Çobanoğlu, R. & Kasapoğlu, K. (2010). PISA’da Fin başarisinin nedenleri ve nasillari. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 39, 121-131.
  • Darling-Hammond, L. (2009). Steady work: How Finland is building a strong teaching and learning system. Voices in Urban Education, 24, 15-25.
  • EDUFI (2017). Finnish education in a nutshell. Retrieved from https://www.oph.fi/download/146428_Finnish_Education_in_a_Nutshell.pdf
  • EDUFI (2018). Finnish National Agency for Education. Retrieved from https://www.oph.fi/english
  • Eraslan, A. (2009). Finlandiya’nın PISA’ daki başarısının nedenleri: Türkiye için alınacak dersler. Necatibey Eğitim Fakültesi Elektronik Fen ve Matematik Eğitimi Dergisi, 3(2), 238-248.
  • Eurydice (2009). National summary sheets on education system in Europe and ongoing reforms: Finland. Retrieved from https://www.pharmine.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/05/EURYDICE-national-summary-sheet-on-education-systems-in-Europe-Finland-2009.pdf
  • Eurydice (2018). National education systems: Finland. Retrieved from https://eacea.ec.europa.eu/national-policies/eurydice/content/population-demographic-situation-languages-and-religions-25_en
  • Finnish National Agency for Education (1998). Basic Education Act. Retrieved from http://www.finlex.fi/en/laki/kaannokset/1998/en19980628.pdf
  • Kansanen, P. (2003) Teacher education in Finland: Current models and new developments. In B. Moon, L. Vlãsceanu, & C. Barrows (Eds) Institutional approaches to teacher education within higher education in Europe: Current models and new developments (pp.85-108). Bucharest: UNESCO.
  • Kim, M., Lavonen, J., & Ogawa, M. (2009). Experts' opinion on the high achievement of scientific literacy in PISA 2003: A comparative study in Finland and Korea. Eurasia Journal of Mathematics, Science & Technology Education, 5(4), 379-393.
  • Kivirauma, J. & Ruoho, K. (2007). Excellence through special education? Lessons from the Finnish school reform. International Review of Education, 53(3), 283-302.
  • Kupiainen, S., Hautamaki, J., & Karjalainen, T. (2009). The Finnish Education System and PISA. Retrieved from http://julkaisut.valtioneuvosto.fi/bitstream/handle/10024/75640/opm46.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y
  • Laukkanen, R. (2008). Finnish strategy for high-level education for all. In Soguel, N. C. & Jaccard, P. (Eds). Governance and performance of education systems (pp. 305-324). Springer, Dordrecht.
  • Lavonen, J. (2008). Reasons behind Finnish students’ success in the PISA scientific literacy assessment. Retrieved from http://www.friends-partners.org/GLOSAS/Global_University/Global%20University%20System/List%20Distributions/2008/MTI1980_09-18-08/Finland%20Education/ReasonsBehindPisaSuccess.pdf
  • Lavonen, J., & Laaksonen, S. (2009). Context of teaching and learning school science in Finland: Reflections on PISA 2006 results. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 46(8), 922-944.
  • Linnakylä, P. (2004). Finnish education-reaching high quality and promoting equity. Education Review, 17(2), 35-41.
  • Malaty, G. (2006). What are the reasons behind the success of Finland in PISA? Gazette des Mathématiciens, 108, 59-66.
  • Ministry of Education and Culture (2014). Teacher education in Finland. Retrieved from https://www.oph.fi/download/154491_Teacher_Education_in_Finland.pdf
  • OECD (2016a). PISA 2015 Results (Volume I): Excellence and Equity in Education. Paris: OECD Publishing.
  • OECD (2016b). PISA 2015 Results (Volume II): Policies and Practices for Successful Schools. Paris: OECD Publishing.
  • OECD (2018a). Equity in Education: Breaking down barriers to social mobility. Paris: OECD Publishing.
  • OECD (2018b). Effective Teacher Policies: Insights from PISA. Paris: OECD Publishing.
  • Official Statistics of Finland (OSF) (2016). Entrance to education (e-publication). Retrieved from http://www.stat.fi/til/khak/2016/khak_2016_2017-12-13_tau_001_en.html
  • Official Statistics of Finland (OSF) (2017a). Providers of education and educational institutions (e-publication). Retrieved from http://www.stat.fi/til/kjarj/2017/kjarj_2017_2018-02-13_tie_001_en.html
  • Official Statistics of Finland (OSF) (2017b). Special education (e-publication). Retrieved from http://www.stat.fi/til/erop/2017/erop_2017_2018-06-11_tie_001_en.html
  • Official Statistics of Finland (OSF) (2018). Pre-primary and comprehensive school education (e-publication). Retrieved from http://www.stat.fi/til/pop/2018/pop_2018_2018-11-14_tie_001_en.html
  • Sahlberg, P. (2007). Education policies for raising student learning: the Finnish approach. Journal of Education Policy, 22(2), 147-171.
  • Sahlberg, P. (2009). Educational change in Finland. In A. Hargreaves, M. Fullan, A. Lieberman, & D. Hopkins (Eds), International handbook of educational change, (pp. 1–28). Dordrecht, Netherlands: Kluwer Academic Publishers.
  • Sahlberg, P. (2011a). Finnish lessons: What can the world learn from educational change in Finland? New York, NY: Teachers College Press.
  • Sahlberg, P. (2011b). Lessons from Finland. American Educator, 35(2), 34-38.
  • Sahlberg, P. (2012). A model lesson: Finland shows us what equal opportunity looks like. American Educator, 36(1), 20-27.
  • Sahlberg, P. (2013). Teachers as leaders in Finland. Leveraging Teacher Leadership, 71(2), 36-40.
  • Sarjala, J. (2013). Equality and cooperation: Finland’s path to excellence. American Educator, 37(1), 32-36.
  • Simola, H. (2005). The Finnish miracle of PISA: historical and sociological remarks on teaching and teacher education. Comparative Education, 41(4), 455-470.
  • Valijarvi, J., Linnakyla, P., Kupari, P., Reinikainen, P., & Arffman, I. (2002). The Finnish success in PISA and some reasons behind it: PISA 2000. Finland: Institute for Educational Research, University of Jyvaskyla.
  • Youth Wiki (2018). Finland: Overview. Retrieved from https://eacea.ec.europa.eu/national-policies/en/content/youthwiki/overview-finland
Toplam 37 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Eğitim Üzerine Çalışmalar
Bölüm Research Articles
Yazarlar

Ulaş Üstün

Ali Eryılmaz

Yayımlanma Tarihi 25 Aralık 2018
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2018Cilt: 2 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Üstün, U., & Eryılmaz, A. (2018). Analysis of Finnish Education System to question the reasons behind Finnish success in PISA. Studies in Educational Research and Development, 2(2), 93-114.

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